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Recent News and Articles on the Keywords: pathogens + 0.29 + 379,000  Related to the article below (Last Update: 8/5/2008)


New York Daily News
New technology may have aided FBI probe
Baltimore Sun, United States -
It can identify virtually all bacteria, viruses and fungi and provide information about drug resistance, virulence and strain types of these pathogens ...
AssociatedPress
Anthrax Attack Debacle: Fox in the Henhouse Wired News
Anthrax case raises issues about risk level Biodefense spending ... San Francisco Chronicle
The Associated Press - Antiwar.com
all 5,269 news articles »
First Molecular Tem-PCR Test to Identify Multiple Forms of Staph ...
MarketWatch -
This molecular differential diagnostic technology is the first Tem- PCR test introduced to the clinical market which is able to identify multiple pathogens, ...
Key To Virulence Protein Entry Into Host Cells Discovered
Science Daily (press release) -
This type of approach may also be relevant to other groups of pathogens, such as fungi, which we also suspect of slipping virulence proteins into host cells ...

ScienceBlogs
Global warming = more religion?
ScienceBlogs -
We present evidence that supports this model: for a global sample of traditional societies, societal range size is reduced in areas with more pathogens ...
Pathogens & People: Lyme disease: The good, the bad and the silly
Annapolis Capital, MD - Aug 3, 2008
By EDWARD, McSWEEGAN, For The Capital Summer is here with its annual flurry of news reports about Lyme disease and tick bites. ...
Many La. beaches test positive for pathogens
Shreveport Times, LA - Aug 3, 2008
... BATON ROUGE ? Testing at most of Louisiana's beaches for several months has found high levels of pathogens in the water, which could cause sickness. ...
Gut Check: Blame Rests Within
Daily Californian, CA - Aug 4, 2008
More importantly, we draw attention to the much larger public health crisis, of which illness from food-borne pathogens is only a symptom: our sick, ...
New Pfizer product given FDA approval
PigProgress.net, Netherlands -
EXCENEL RTU EZ establishes therapeutic concentrations in as little as one hour to effectively treat a broad spectrum of pathogens that cause bacterial ...
Farm suspends raw-milk sales
Oneonta Daily Star, NY -
Listeria, a bacteria commonly found in the environment, is one of six pathogens tested for in raw milk, Chittenden said. Products contaminated with it can ...
New Immune Disease Identified
Science Daily (press release) - Aug 1, 2008
Part of this mechanism is innate (already present at the time of birth) and the remaining part improves as we come into contact with new pathogens. ...
Source: Google News

Comparative pharmacodynamics of clarithromycin and azithromycin against respiratory pathogens -
A Bauernfeind, R Jungwirth, E Eberlein - Infection, 1995 - Springer
... 1.4 0.29 11.2 9.3 during exposure to macrolides was to be explored. Clini- cal isolates
of frequent respiratory tract pathogens (hemo- lytic streptococci ...

NDR1, a Pathogen-Induced Component Required for Arabidopsis Disease Resistance -
KS Century, AD Shapiro, PP Repetti, D Dahlbeck, E … - Science, 1997 - sciencemag.org
... parasitica (4). Mutation of NDR1 causes susceptibility to numerous strains of these
pathogens. ... ndr1-1 FH6, 0.03, 0.03, (87), 4.89, 0.29, (128), 7.00, 0.41, (93). ...

… of the tropical tree, Platypodium elegans, and the escape of its seedlings from fungal pathogens. -
CK Augspurger - Journal of Ecology, 1983 - JSTOR
... 766 Seedling escape from fungal pathogens TABLE 3. For four trees of ... r) for: Percentage
deaths by damping-off and -0.53*** -0.42*** -0.29* -0.67*** distance ...

… Survival of Tropical Tree Species: Interactions of Dispersal Distance, Light-Gaps, and Pathogens -
CK Augspurger - Ecology, 1984 - JSTOR
... ment, herbivory, branch falls, erosion, and mammal digging), pathogens accounted
for ... Ceiba, 0.76; Tabebuia, 0.45; Ter- minalia, 0.33; and Lonchocarpus, 0.29). ...

Pathogen mortality of tropical tree seedlings: experimental studies of the effects of dispersal … -
CK Augspurger, CK Kelly - Oecologia, 1984 - Springer
... varying amounts (Table 2). Classic symptoms of damping-off due to fungal pathogens
were apparent in 13 ... Ceiba pentandra 27 0.04 21 0.29 20 0 20 0.25 * 45.0 0.24 ...

Frequency-dependent selection in a wild plant-pathogen system -
P Chaboudez, JJ Burdon - Oecologia, 1995 - Springer
... is the first genotype at site 1 to be in- fected is 0.29 (5/17 ... this would reinforce
the observed frequen- cy-dependent differentiation of the pathogen population ...

In vitro activity of glucosinolate-derived isothiocyanates against postharvest fruit pathogens* -
M MARI, R IORI, O LEONI, A MARCHI - Annals of Applied Biology, 1993 - Blackwell Synergy
... ITCs of GRF, SNB and SNG inhibited M. piriformis conidia at concentrations under
0.3 mg ml-' (0.29,0.22 and 0.15 ... Pathogen Hours Control* GTP GNA GRF SNB SNG RSG ...

Trade-Offs in Plant Defense Against Pathogens and Herbivores: A Field Demonstration of Chemical … -
JS Thaler, AL Fidantsef, SS Duffey, RM Bostock - Journal of Chemical Ecology, 1999 - Springer
... JA interaction, F 1,111 = 0.25,P =0.29). The ... 1998). In the tomato system,
some herbivores induce SAR and some pathogens induce IR. ...

Perceived Risks of Conventional and Organic Produce: Pesticides, Pathogens, and Natural Toxins -
PRD Williams, JK Hammitt - Risk Analysis, 2001 - Blackwell Synergy
... Pesticides, Pathogens, and Natural Toxins Pamela R. D.Williams 1 * and James K.
Hammitt 1 ... a Pesticide residue Natural toxin Microbial pathogen Farm worker risk ...

Zinc Improves Biocontrol of Fusarium Crown and Root Rot of Tomato by Pseudomonas fluorescens and … -
BK Duffy, G Defago - Phytopathology, 1997 - Am Phytopath Society
... was detected in the CHA0 rif treatment at a concentration of 0.29 ?g per ... agent with
activity against diseases caused by several soilborne fungal pathogens (40 ...

Source: Google Scholar

Pathogens Evolve To Escape Detection

An arms race is under way in the plant world. It is an evolutionary battle in which plants are trying to beef up their defenses against the innovative strategies of pathogens. The latest example of this war is a bacterium (Pseudomonas syringae) that infects tomatoes by injecting a special protein into the plant's cells and undermines the plant's defense system.

"Plant breeders often find that five or six years after their release, resistant plant varieties become susceptible because pathogens can evolve very quickly to overcome plant defenses," said Gregory Martin, Cornell professor of plant pathology, a scientist at the Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research (BTI) on the Cornell campus and the senior author of the research paper, published in the July 19 issue of the journal Nature. "However, every now and then, breeders develop a plant variety that stays resistant for 20 years or more."
Understanding why some varieties have more durable disease resistance is important to the development of more sustainable agricultural practices, he said.

The study by Cornell and BTI scientists describes how a single bacterial protein, AvrPtoB, which is injected by P. syringae into plant cells through a kind of molecular syringe, can overcome the plant's resistance. Normally, the plant's defense system looks out for such pathogens and, if detected, mounts an immune response to stave off disease. As part of this surveillance system, tomatoes carry a protein in their cells called Fen that helps detect P. syringae and trigger an immune response.

But some strains of P. syringae have evolved the AvrPtoB protein that mimics a tomato enzyme known as an E3 ubiquitin ligase, which tags proteins to be destroyed. Once injected, AvrPtoB binds the Fen protein, and the plant's own system eliminates it, allowing the bacteria to avoid detection and cause disease.

"This paper explains how a pathogen can evolve to escape detection," said lead author Tracy Rosebrock, a graduate student in Cornell's Department of Plant Pathology and BTI. "The bacterium has one specific protein that it uses to turn off the plant's immunity."

The researchers found that the Fen gene is present in both cultivated tomatoes and many wild tomato species, leading them to believe that the gene is likely ancient in origin and that many members of the tomato family have used it to resist P. syringae infections over the years. Since the Fen protein still detects AvrPtoB-like proteins from some strains of P. syringae, prompting an effective immune response, the researchers believe new P. syringae strains have only recently evolved a version of AvrPtoB that includes an E3 ubiquitin ligase enzyme that interferes with the plant's surveillance.

"This paper provides molecular data that supports the evolutionary 'arms race' theory" that as pathogens develop new ways to spread and attack organisms, the organisms in turn create novel defenses, each in a continuous battle to outdo the other, said Rosebrock.

Source: Blaine Friedlander
Cornell University News Service
 
 
 
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