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Recent News and Articles on the Keywords: antibiotic use + antibiotic + acute  Related to the article below (Last Update: 8/5/2008)

An Effective Alternative to Antibiotics in Acute Respiratory Tract ...
MarketWatch - Jul 30, 2008
But the prescription of antibiotics remains wide-spread despite the fact that they do not act against viruses. "In the light of inappropriate antibiotic use ...
Warning over two types of antibiotic
Herald.ie, Ireland - Aug 2, 2008
The IMB is instructing doctors to only use this medicine "when other antibiotics cannot be used or have failed". In both cases the IMB decision follows ...
Drug and Therapeutics Update
OnMedica, UK - Aug 3, 2008
And warnings on all treatments containing the antibiotic should also be strengthened, flagging up risks of diarrhoea, heart failure in women and older ...
Prophylactic Use of Specific Antibiotics Reduce the Risk of Some ...
Cancer Consultants, ID - Jul 28, 2008
Prophylactic antibiotics reduce morbidity due to septicemia during intensive treatment for pediatric acute myeloid leukemia. ...
Avelox, Similar Antibiotics Face European Restrictions Due to ...
Newsinferno.com, NY - Jul 31, 2008
The Agency?s Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use (CHMP) concluded that the benefits of these medicines for the treatment of acute bacterial ...
EU agency recommends restricting moxifloxacin use
Reuters - Jul 24, 2008
Moxifloxacin, a fluoroquinolone antibiotic, is marketed by Bayer (BAYG.DE: Quote, Profile, Research) under its brand Avelox. At its July 2008 meeting, ...
Potential Blockbuster For Bayer Clears Panel Wall Street Journal
all 25 news articles »  OTC:BAYRY

bestofneworleans.com
HEALTH TALK
bestofneworleans.com, LA -
A: For most acne, mild and moderate, it's a combination of retinoids, topical antibiotics and, in moderate to severe cases, the addition of oral antibiotics ...
NICE Short Clinical Guideline Published On Antibiotic Prescribing ...
Medical News Today (press release), UK - Jul 29, 2008
Negotiate a no antibiotic or delayed antibiotic prescribing strategy for patients with acute otitis media, acute sore throat/pharyngitis/acute tonsillitis, ...
NICE warning on RTI antibiotic use
Pulse, UK - Jul 24, 2008
New NICE guidance encourages GPs to ?negotiate? with patients about not having antibiotics or having a deferred prescription for conditions such as acute ...
BCHS physician to discuss managing chronic disease Aug 6
Battle Creek Enquirer, MI -
"A 'strep' throat is an example of an acute illness because it's easy to diagnose with a lab test and is treated with antibiotics," says Dr. Benzik. ...
Source: Google News

Decreasing Antibiotic Use in Ambulatory Practice Impact of a Multidimensional Intervention on the … -
R Gonzales, JF Steiner, A Lum, PH Barrett, Jr - JAMA, 1999 - Am Med Assoc
... antibiotics do not benefit and are usually not indicated for uncomplicated acute
bronchitis; (2) because excessive antibiotic use for acute respiratory tract ...

Principles of Appropriate Antibiotic Use for Acute Rhinosinusitis in Adults: Background -
JM Hickner, JG Bartlett, RE Besser, R Gonzalez, JR … - Annals of Emergency Medicine, 2001 - Elsevier
... Published by Mosby, Inc. Principles of Appropriate Antibiotic Use for Acute
Rhinosinusitis in Adults: Background. John M. Hickner, John ...

Principles of Appropriate Antibiotic Use for Treatment of Acute Respiratory Tract Infections in … -
R Gonzalez, JG Bartlett, RE Besser, RJ Cooper, JM … - Annals of Emergency Medicine, 2001 - Elsevier
... MD Richelle J. Cooper, MD, MSHS John M. Hickner, MD, MSc Jerome R. Hoffman, MD,
MA Merle A. Sande, MD* APPROPRIATE ANTIBIOTIC USE FOR ACUTE RESPIRATORY TRACT ...

Excessive Antibiotic Use for Acute Respiratory Infections in the United States -
R Gonzales, DC Malone, JH Maselli, MA Sande - Clinical Infectious Diseases, 2001 - UChicago Press
... Excessive Antibiotic Use for Acute Respiratory Infections in the United States.
Ralph Gonzales, 1, a. Daniel C. Malone, 2. Judith H. Maselli, 1 and. ...

Principles of appropriate antibiotic use for acute sinusitis in adults -
V Snow, C Mottur-Pilson, JM Hickner? - Ann Intern Med, 2001 - Am Coll Physicians
... POSITION PAPER. CLINICAL PRACTICE GUIDELINE, PART 1. Principles of Appropriate
Antibiotic Use for Acute Sinusitis in Adults. Vincenza ...

Principles of Appropriate Antibiotic Use for Acute Pharyngitis in Adults: Background -
RJ Cooper, JR Hoffman, JG Bartlett, RE Besser, R … - Annals of Emergency Medicine, 2001 - Elsevier
... Published by Mosby, Inc. Principles of Appropriate Antibiotic Use for Acute
Pharyngitis in Adults: Background. Richelle J. Cooper, Jerome ...

… evidence based approach to reducing antibiotic use in children with acute otitis media: controlled … -
C Cates - BMJ, 1999 - pubmedcentral.nih.gov
... 1999, British Medical Journal. An evidence based approach to reducing antibiotic
use in children with acute otitis media: controlled before and after study. ...

Principles of appropriate antibiotic use for acute pharyngitis in adults -
V Snow, C Mottur-Pilson, RJ Cooper, JR Hoffman - Ann Intern Med, 2001 - Am Coll Physicians
... POSITION PAPER. CLINICAL PRACTICE GUIDELINE, PART 1. Principles of Appropriate
Antibiotic Use for Acute Pharyngitis in Adults. Vincenza ...

Principles of Appropriate Antibiotic Use for Treatment of Uncomplicated Acute Bronchitis: Background -
R Gonzalez, JG Bartlett, RE Besser, RJ Cooper, JM … - Annals of Emergency Medicine, 2001 - Elsevier
... 73 A combined patient and physician educational intervention that reduced antibiotic
use for acute bronchitis did not lead to greater utilization of ser- vices ...

Outpatient antibiotic use in Europe and association with resistance: a cross-national database study -
H Goossens, M Ferech, R Vander Stichele, M … - The Lancet, 2005 - Elsevier
... co-workers 30 have shown that the incidence rate of acute mastoiditis in countries
with low antibiotic use was higher than countries with high antibiotic use. ...

Source: Google Scholar

Investigating antibiotic use in acute care patients

Pigs could be the key to understanding how antibiotic resistant bacteria persist in Intensive Care Units in hospitals.

NSW Department of Primary Industries (NSW DPI) Immunology & Molecular Diagnostic Research Unit Team Leader, Dr James Chin, says it is commonly believed that each time an antibiotic is used only pathogens or disease-causing bacteria will be killed.

"Antibiotic use in hospitals is often perceived to be solely directed against only bad bacteria.

"In reality, antibiotics also act against entire microbial communities, including the good bacteria which can protect patients from pathogenic bacteria.

"Antibiotics do not just eliminate bad bacteria", Dr Chin said. "They also maintain a pool of antibiotic resistance genes within the microbial community of patients treated with antibiotics."

Using pigs as a model, Dr Chin and Dr Toni Chapman at NSW DPI’s Elizabeth Macarthur Agricultural Institute have examined how E.coli bacteria – a common cause of diarrhoea in pigs and humans - respond to treatment by antibiotics.

Dr Chin told the 2007 Australian Society for Microbiology’s annual conference in Adelaide in July that: "The current theory of antibiotic resistance is that the ‘fittest’ bacteria, that is, those carrying genes for resistance, are the most likely to survive.

"Because antibiotic treatment will never kill all bacteria, bad or good, there will always be a pool of antibiotic resistance bacteria that can potentially transfer resistance to incoming pathogens. 

"It is important to identify the antimicrobial resistant gene pool in entire microbial communities before antibiotic treatment.

Dr Chin said this has been tested with E. coli in pigs.

"Our research shows clearly that  use of one antibiotic to treat E. coli not only increases resistance against that antibiotic but also increases the carriage of resistance genes against other classes of antibiotics. 

"This creates a real problem because subsequent therapy with a second antibiotic may be ineffective because resistance against the second antibiotic had already been increased by the first antibiotic."

In the United States an estimated 10 percent of patients get sick because of infections acquired whilst being treated in hospital. More careful use of antibiotics is regarded as vital.

Dr Chin said the use of antibiotics for disease prevention is critical in patients admitted to intensive care. However there is currently a major bottleneck when it comes to deciding which antibiotics to use.

"Current protocols require pathogens to be cultured, leading to delays of some days before the bacteria to be targeted can be accurately identified.

Dr Chin said for this reason it is important to develop a molecular detection method that can identify antibiotic resistance signatures of entire microbial communities.  

"Our hope is that this kind of information will equip clinicians to better manage prescribing of antibiotics."

This latest research is being planned in collaboration with clinical microbiologists and intensive care specialists at Westmead Hospital.

Contact: Dr James Chin, Elizabeth Macarthur Agricultural Institute, (02) 4640 6359, james.chin@dpi.nsw.gov.au.
 
 
 
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